Fanny Kahiking

Kesehatan gigi dan mulut masyarakat Indonesia masih merupakan hal yang perlu mendapatkan perhatian khusus dari tenaga kesehatan baik dokter maupun perawat gigi. Dari hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar ( RISKESDAS ) 2007 telah dikumpulkan berbagai indikator kesehatan gigi dan mulut masyarakat baik melalui wawancara maupun pemeriksaan gigi dan mulut. Hasilnya, ditemukan penduduk yang bermasalah kesehatan gigi dan mulut yaitu 23,4 %, penduduk yang sudah kehilangan gigi aslinya ada 1,6 % dan 29,6 % yang menerima perawatan dan pengobatan dari tenaga kesehatan gigi. Selain itu ternyata terdapat 77% penduduk indonesia yang masih malas menggosok gigi. (more…)

Salah satu parameter kualitas untuk sediaan cairan infus yang harus dipenuhi adalah sterilitas, disamping pemenuhan persyaratan yang lain.  Sterilisisasi menggunakan tekanan uap jenuh dalam sebuah autoklaf merupakan metode sterilisasi yang biasa digunakan dalam industri farmasi karena dapat diprediksi dan menghasilkan efek dekstruksi bakteri, waktu dan suhu dapat dengan mudah dikontrol dan monitoring dilakukan sekali dalam satu siklus yang divalidasi. Infus dekstrosa merupakan salah satu sediaan infus yang disterilisasi menggunakan metode ini. (The Art of Compounding:407) (more…)

Masalah kesehatan yang dimiliki oleh seseorang ternyata tidak hanya membuat orang merasa tersiksa secara fisik, tapi juga bisa menimbulkan malu yang mempengaruhi psikisnya. Masalah kesehatan apa saja yang bisa bikin malu?

Rasa malu itu timbul karena masalah kesehatan ini sangat terkait dengan kebersihan, etika dan kepantasan penampilan. Seperti dikutip dari FoxNews dan Timesonline, Kamis (28/1/2010) ada 10 masalah kesehatan yang bisa bikin malu si empunya tubuh, yaitu: (more…)

Oleh: AsianBrain.com Content Team

Masalah kesehatan dapat tumbuh dari berbagai penyebab, sebagian besar dari mereka karena adanya perubahan fungsi tubuh baik itu secara fisiologis ataupun anatomi. Namun kebanyakan masalah kesehatan ditumbulkan oleh Stress.

Penelitian menemukan bahwa mental dari pikiran kita atau Stress dapat mempengaruhi  berbagai masalah kesehatan tubuh seseorang secara fisik.

Bila kita berada dibawah tekanan, baik fisik, mental atau emosional, maka fungsi sistem kekebalan tubuh secara signifikan menurun yang membuat kita rentan terhadap penyakit, ketika tubuh kita berada dalam tekanan, maka tubuh kita seperti diporsir untuk bekerja lebih, seperti orang yang sedang mengalami serangan jantung atau stroke. (more…)

‘ Merry Wahyuningsih – detikHealth img Film Tanah Air Beta (Foto: diolah)

Jakarta, Membuat orang Indonesia sehat terutama kalangan miskin dan orang-orang ‘terbuang’ seperti menegakkan benang basah. Kasus selalu sama dan berulang-ulang tapi tetap saja tidak terpecahkan. Salah satu masalah kesehatan yang paling pelik adalah di pengungsian. Melalui film ‘Tanah Air Beta’ seperti melihat potret buram masalah kesehatan di Indonesia. Seorang ibu di pengungsian harus meninggal karena batuk berdarah yang tidak terobati. Setiap rumah penduduk belum tersedia MCK (mandi, cuci, kakus). Hanya ada satu puskesmas dengan 1 dokter untuk ratusan ribu orang. Tapi bukan berarti tidak ada yang peduli dengan nasib pengungsi. Salah satunya dengan kampanye kesehatan melalui film layar lebar yang bisa disaksikan dalam film ‘Tanah Air Beta’. (more…)

Tidak ada salahnya menyediakan sedikit waktu untuk mendengarkan musik, terutama musik yang bisa membuat Anda merasa tenang atau terhibur. Karena musik bisa membangkitkan sel-sel yang ada di otak tetap hidup.

Musik bisa dibilang sebagai obat yang tidak berbentuk obat atau non-medis, karena musik bisa meningkatkan memori atau daya ingat, perilaku sosial bahkan meningkatkan komunikasi pada pasien dengan gangguan otak yang berat.

Namun, para peneliti belum mengerti bagaimana musik bekerja dalam otak manusia untuk meningkatkan kekuatan mental dan kemampuan komunikasi dengan orang lain. Kini, penelitian terbaru menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan manusia untuk memahami musik kemungkinan telah dikembangkan melalui kemampuan binatang dalam berkomunikasi dengan sesamanya melalui vokalisasi tertentu. (more…)

Menurut Keputusan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia (Kepmenkes RI) No. 1332/MENKES/SK/X/2002, tentang Perubahan atas Peraturan MenKes RI No. 922/MENKES/PER/X/1993 mengenai Ketentuan dan Tata Cara Pemberian Izin Apotek, yang dimaksud dengan apotek adalah suatu tempat tertentu, tempat dilakukan pekerjaan kefarmasian penyaluran perbekalan farmasi kepada masyarakat.

Pekerjaan kefarmasian yang dimaksud sesuai dengan Ketentuan Umum Undang-undang Kesehatan No. 23 tahun 1992, meliputi pembuatan, pengolahan, peracikan, pengubahan bentuk, pencampuran, penyimpanan dan penyerahan obat atau bahan obat; pengadaan, penyimpanan, penyaluran dan penyerahan perbekalan farmasi lainnya dan pelayanan informasi mengenai perbekalan farmasi yang terdiri atas obat, bahan obat, obat asli Indonesia (obat tradisional), bahan obat asli Indonesia (simplisia), alat kesehatan dan kosmetika. (more…)

Dalam menjalani hidup sehari-hari kita sebaiknya selalu mengedepankan kesehatan tubuh dan jiwa kita karena sehat itu nikmat dan juga ada pepatah yang mengatakan bahwa seseorang tidak akan menghargai kesehatannya sendiri di saat ia masih sehat. Begitu pentingnya kesehatan sehingga ada orang yang rela membayar milyaran rupiah untuk kesehatan dirinya di saat dia sakit. (more…)

Jika Anda bekerja di  rumah atau di kantor  atau sebagai internet maker  kemungkinan besar Anda menghabiskan banyak waktu di depan komputer anda. Hal ini jelas sebagai rutinitas pekerjan anda. Terkadang membosankan terkadang pula melelahkan sehingga dapat mengganggu stabilitas kesehatan dan produktifitas pekerjaan anda . Berikut adalah beberapa tips sehat untuk anda yang bekerja menggunakan banyak waktu di depan komputer : (more…)

Pernahkah Anda mendengar orang sakit hati? Saya kira pengertian sakit hati tidak saja ada di dalam sebuah judul lagu atau puisi tetapi benar ada dalam kehidupan diri kita semua termasuk sehat dengan reiki sendiri. Dalam dunia medis penyakit hati disebut hepatitis yang menyerang hati yaitu organ tubuh yang terdapat dalam rongga perut kanan bagian atas.

Tentu saja organ ini memiliki banyak fungsi beragam seperti untuk fungsi metabolisme tubuh, sintetis dan penetralan zat-zat kimia yang masuk ke dalam tubuh karena asupan makanan, minuman atau obat-obatan yang biasa kita konsumsi setiap harinya. Di Indonesia bila menyebut penyakit hepatitis umumnya yang terpikir ialah penyakit kuning. Mengapa disebut demikian? (more…)

penting! Harap di baca!
post ini sebenarnya post lama dan di terbitkan oleh seorang teman blogger saya di jogja,tapi post ini selalu relevan sepanjang masa,jadi bacalah baik2 .

Internet adalah sebuah kejaiban teknologi yang membuat dunia serasa lebih sempit. Informasi nun jauh disana bisa didapatkan dengan sekejab. Berinteraksi, bertatap muka dengan jarak memisahkan ribuan kilometer dapat dilakukan dengan mudah .
Seperti halnya kehidupan nyata, didunia maya tidaklah semuanya baik. Ada banyak kegelapan yang mencoba menghantui.

Berikut ini beberapa tips aman berselancar di dunia maya. (more…)

When people want to show their loyalty to various baseball teams they generally look towards wearing some of the new era hats. These hats are another version of the fitted hats that you will be able to find. In order to make sure you have gotten a good quality item it is best if you look for these hats in stores that have lots of brand names and other new era hats in stock.

The best places for you to select the new era hats are from stores where you can try these hats on. By being able to see how you look while you are wearing the hat you can begin the task of choosing one or several different new era hats.

For people from all walks of life the various new era hats are perfect for creating a style that says who you are. For the most part you can look for these new era hats in sporting goods stores, department stores, online stores and also from the New Era Hats store. From all of these places you will have a wide range of hats that you can choose from.

For the most part you will find that these new era hats are not that expensive. This means that if you are looking to wear these hats as a fashion statement or to show your faithfulness to your favorite baseball team then new era hats are the perfect choice for you.

As there are many people who have a preference for wearing these hats regardless of their baseball team preference you will find that new era hats come in many well liked colors. Some of the colors will be the usual team colors and others will be colors that will go well with any clothing that you choose to wear.

Currently there are about 4 different versions of the new era hats for you to choose from. These versions are called the 59Fifty fitted hat, the 49 Forty fitted hat, the 39 Thirty hat and that of the 29 Twenty cap. While there are many similarities to these four styles of new era hats each one has a character all its own.

To make sure that these new era hats last longer than their pervious wool hats the new era hats company has switched the material that is used to that of 100% polyester fabric. At the moment this material switch is still only used for new era hats that are in the 59 Fifty series.

This means that if you want you can still look for hats that are wool in texture. Regardless of all of this the various new era hats that you can choose from are a testament to the popularity of baseball and the style of clothes that have been generated from this sports game.

When you are traveling, an injury or sickness is the one thing that can seem to completely destroy a trip. And since you are in an area that is largely unfamiliar to you, it can seem not only disappointing, but also slightly scary. So what is the best course of action if you get injured on the road? If you are in Durham, North Carolina, doctors are plentiful and sure to help you get back on your feet.

As long as you can make it to the hospital, you know that you are in good hands. But when you get injured away from home, there are a few things you should be prepared for in regard to medical service and health insurance.

The first caution you should consider is whether your health insurance will cover the cost of getting medical attention away from your hometown. Of course you shouldn’t deny yourself a trip to the doctor because of this. It’s one of those things that you should sort out beforehand, and find out whether the Durham, NC doctors are covered by your health plan. If you have a health insurance policy which only covers preferred service providers, then you are out of luck. You might be able to discuss your travels with your agent, and gain temporary coverage for Durham doctors just in case something happens while you are traveling.

Wherever you are staying, you should always know how to get to the nearest medical center or doctor. Even if you don’t have any health conditions and you don’t expect any disasters to occur, it is a precaution that should always be taken. Being sick or hurt is nowhere near as bad as being sick and lost to boot. Use an online mapping service wherever you go, and print off a map to the nearest things you may want to access. You can also include grocery stores, auto repair shops, or gas stations on the map. It will make a convenient guide for any needs that may arise on your trip.

In the unlikely event that something should happen, you will be completely prepared to get to the Durham, NC doctor that can help you. But rather than rely entirely on rushing to get medical attention, it is a good idea to be slightly prepared on your own. Bring along a medical kit, and any medication for possible maladies (such as strong allergies). If you have these things on hand for quick self-treatment, you might be able to avoid a trip to the doctor and still remain in perfectly good health.

If you are a frequent traveler, Durham doctors would recommend you get a form of insurance that is more flexible depending on your location. Instead of only covering care from certain doctors of certain facilities, you should pursue an option that will leave you feeling safe and protected no matter where you go. Many modern plans are already equipped with this kind of versatility, but you may be stuck with one that isn’t. Discuss it with your insurance providers, and determine whether a switch is in order.

The number one thing you can do to protect yourself while traveling is to be prepared. There are a few good ways to prepare that many experienced travelers have learned to take advantage of. As long as you know how to reach the nearest Durham, North Carolina doctor, and as long as you are prepared for any foreseeable medical problems, you will have an easy and worry-free vacation.

Most of us have had to set some kind of goals for our lives.  Goals that are not met or seem to be absolutely out of touch usually leave us with the feeling that things just may not ever work or we replace the goal with yet another unrealistic goal.  I have found that most goals that did not work for me were those that either weren’t made by me or ones that I made in the moment of a powerful workshop on goal setting.  There was just one missing element for me, what was realistic or within my reach. There is also a tendency to set goals to impress or gain respect from those who are special to us or who have their faith in us.  There is also a way for that to be a total failure by falling on our face loosing faith in ourselves.  My personal story and success has drastically changed in less than 9 months because of taking time to face the challenges in my own life and learning how to set goals that fit Karen’s (my) life.  They are my daily bread.

After I prayed about how I would see a change in my life, I started seeking the advice of my peers in coaching.  I learned valuable strategies for planning which included me taking time to journal my daily success and I realized that I could not journal anything that I had not accomplished.  The way for me to do this was to first set the goals.  Now, in my life, monthly, yearly and even weekly goals can be a challenge.  I found the power in having 3-4 goals a day which eventually turned into 10-20.  It has brought me to have a successful new career which includes completing articles, making contacts, reorganizing my business while having time to enjoy my family and even RELAX from time to time.

What I did was very simple.  I started leaving notes for myself in the places that I had to be or areas that I would always have a visual.  My desktop on my laptop, my email, my desk, bathroom mirror and alarms on my cellular phone. Everyday I would put a note on one or two of these areas.  For instance, at night I would put together a list of things to do the next day.  The list may just have 3 simple but important items for my day.  Example:

Look for free on line classified site

Send thank you email to……..for a nice lunch meeting

Call to make arrangements to lower credit card bill payments

The best part about this strategy for me is that no one pressured me,  the goals were realistic in my own life and the results have been absolutely astonishing not only to myself, but to those who have watched me move from always talking about doing something to seeing who I have become.

When you golf in the Okanagan Valley’s rolling hills, there are many picturesque golf courses which you can play rounds and rounds of golf with either your friends or family, and most overlook beautiful Okanagan Lake. The casual or dedicated golfer can play these very accommodating golf courses. The Okanagan area offers the perfect location and choice for any golf vacation, and one main reason is many months of ideal golf weather which averages over 2,000 hours of sunshine every year. The Okanagan Valley offers one of the longest and driest golf seasons in Canada. Home to over 40 golf courses in the Okanagan Valley, and with Kelowna offering 14 of the main courses in this area, this is the perfect place to plan your golfing holiday.

Home to some of the most beautiful golf courses in the world are in the Okanagan Valley. As beautiful and challenging as they are, each golf course will give you an extraordinary golf experience to take home with you. One of these golf courses is Shannon Lake Golf Course and it is a great 18 hole championship course which is located only 20 minutes away from downtown Kelowna in Westbank. Shannon Lake will provide golfers with the challenges that any good course has to offer. If you are a beginner golfer or an experienced golfer this course will not let you down. This course has major elevation changes and great scenic views of majestic pines, and surrounding mountains and lakes. You can truly capture the beauty of the Okanagan Valley while you play golf at this one of a kind golf course. Their Eagles Nest Restaurant serves up excellent northwest cuisine at their clubhouse after you finish your round of golf. Their golf prices are very reasonable for this exceptional golf course.

When you finish playing your round of golf the fine Kelowna hotels and great motels like the Pandosy Inn allow you to be right in the heart of everything the beautiful “Kelowna” Okanagan Valley has to offer, and from your door of your wonderful room you step into a rash of excitement and activity. Step out of your room at the Pandosy Inn and across a quiet street you will see one of the best beaches in the okanagan valley, “Gyro Beach,” it is one the larger beaches and one of the most popular destination spots that welcome people from all over the world and of all ages. Choosing a Kelowna motel like the Pandosy Inn give you the option to travel British Columbia and take a short trip through the Okanagan Valley for some great golfing.

The Shannon Lake Golf Course in the Okanagan Valley and the Pandosy Inn will make your golfing vacation an enjoyable and memorable golfing experience.

 First $8,000 from Uncle Sam, and now $14,900 from the state of North Carolina! Charlotte NC Real Estate  has been one of the top selling real estate markets for the past five years. If you ever thought of buying a home in the Carolinas, now might just be your best bet!

Seems like yesterday, with all its frenzy, no one hesitated about sinking their teeth into real estate and stocks. Call it the last great American Land Grab…

So when the markets stumbled and tumbled, many were left feeling like they had their teeth kicked in.

We are finally at the point where it looks like the markets are stabilizing. The Charlotte market is looking better.

Minor ticks have some economists becoming optimistic. I’m an optimist, so I tend to agree. I have a problem listening to Dr. Doom repeat himself .

I’m not a dentist trying to give a history lesson or rehash the obvious. What I’m hinting is that this may be an excellent time to consider putting your teeth back in and sinking them into this real estate market .

And for first time buyers, this is an excellent time to try your choppers out on that home you were thinking about. With the triple whammy going on … extremely low prices…historical low mortgage rates….and a bonus of a $8,000 from Uncle Sam, you have little to risk and a lot to gain!

As a matter of fact, all indicators suggest that it’s a good time to put that smile back on your face and extend it to someone else. A new program coming out at the end of June 2009 will help Charlotte NC first time home buyers with an additional $14,900 (free money!)available for their down payment.

Don’t groan if you think a foreclosure is just a run down property. Some of the homes being foreclosed on were obviously treated with love and affection. They are the result of a sad state of affairs, not neglect put upon a property.

If you are not looking for real estate in NC, ask your Realtor if your state is also trying to reward those that purchase on foreclosed property. Keep up with those in the industry and you, too, may be able to reap some of these previously unheard of rewards!

For those first time home buyers seeking North Carolina real estate, here are some of the most basic requirements to get the 14,900 dollars: the homes must be foreclosed and for sale by a bank, bank holding company, government agency, or authorized REO designated entity. Only single-family homes, condominums, and townhomes qualify. Manufactured homes are not eligible.

Further requirements include the physical location of the real estate you are interested in buying.
In North Carolina, the home also must be located in one of the 23 counties served by the NSP grant: Alamance, Brunswick, Buncombe, Cabarrus, Catawba, Cumberland, Dare, Davidson, Durham, Edgecombe, Forsyth, Gaston, Guilford, Iredell, Johnston, Mecklenburg, New Hanover, Pitt, Randolph, Rowan, Union, Vance, and Wake. You must occupy the home within 60 days of closing. Any Charlotte NC real estate will be included in this, as Charlotte is located in Mecklenburg County. The counties buffering Mecklenburg, are also included. This gives you a wide spectrum of great places to buy!

This money is available through the NC Housing Finance Agency.
If you are sitting on the fence in today’s real estate market….it’s time to hop off.

Brandon Spikes is suspended by Florida coach Urban Meyer for gouging the eyes of Georgia running Back Washaun Ealey. Florida Coach Urban Mayer said Brandon Spikes eye gouging was a retaliating after Georgia running back Washaun Ealey poked Brandon Spikes eye earlier in the game. Urban Mayer suspended Brandon Spikes for the eye gouging. In the game against Vanderbilt on Saturday, Brandon Spikes is suspended for the first half. Do you think Brandon Spikes eye gouging was on purpose when they were winning and made a 41 – 17 victory?

Do you think Brandon Spikes eye gouging was on purpose?
VOTE YES or Vote NO

Vote now and win a free Iphone 3G for your opinion

When the game was over between Florida Gators and Georgia in a college Football, the final score wasn’t what everyone was talking about. It was Brandon Spikes eye gouging incident between Georgia’s Washaun Ealey. This Brandon Spikes eye gouging incident have caused a stir between the college football World. In a lot of videos it looks likes intentionally.

POLL:
Brandon Spikes eye gouging was on purpose?
VOTE YES or Vote NO

Vote now and win a free Iphone 3G for your opinion

Brandon Spikes isn’t going to enter the NFL draft but returns for his senior season insted. Because of an injured groin the team’s defensive captain missed this season most of two games. On a game at Mississippi State on october 24 Sat Brandon Spikes the entire game out. He also played a couple minutes against Arkansas.

All ancient civilisations have their own slant of calendar record and almanacs in particular have been in existence since antiquity across the globe. The Chinese Almanac or â????â?, is a book, or table, containing forecasts and outlook for the year.

 

In the beginning, its main purpose was to issue predictions which helped to prepare the populace for catastrophes to come. It also pointed to auspicious days of the year and periods associated with good fortunes. The traditional Chinese would use it as a source to consult on important dates for critical activities such as planting crops, harvesting, weddings, travel and renovations etc.

 

The book has its origin from then the ancient Chinese Imperial Calendar (??) which is an even older calendar attributed to the Yellow Emperor written in carapace-bone-script used by farmers and huntsmen. The earliest and complete Chinese almanac uncovered was written in 132BC during the Han Dynasty. Traditionally, Chinese rulers had taken over the publications of the almanac during their reign as a form of control and instructions over the populace. The Imperial Calendar itself had underwent numerous edition throughout the centuries, the latest being the version from Qing Dynasty called Tong Shu (??), which had since incorporated Feng Shui principles to become the Chinese almanac we know of today.

 

Many almanacs have adapted to survive, first by including astronomical data, then by concentrating on the physical rather than the metaphysical. The Chinese on the other hand, set store by their almanacs which still focus on the art of soothsaying. Every Chinese homes would have such a book which advises them when to undertake or avoid certain activities such as swimming, renovations, wedding, starting a new job etc and even for selecting an auspicious date for caesarean purposes.

 

The calculations used to create the Chinese almanac are based on the Heavenly stem and Earthly branch combinations of the Four Pillars readings of that time and are rather complicated. Of particular importance are the daily calculations of auspicious and inauspicious directions and the locations of key Feng Shui deities such as wealth and health. The readings are used to strategically locate items and perform activities that will harness the greatest amount of benefit to the family. Although modern Chinese no longer follow all the advices give, they still tend to consult the almanac on important occasion and avoid activities discouraged on that day.

 

Read about the Chinese almanac and other articles  on the Chinese culture.

 

Copyright @ eChinaExpat.com

 

Ricky Gervais is expanding his TV empire – he is working on plans to broadcast a Chinese version of “The Office”. The British funnyman has boasted of earning “millions” from the syndication rights to his hit sitcom and royalties from its U.S. re-make.

Now he is set to swell his coffers even further after unveiling his plans to shoot a Chinese version of the show. On his official blog,Gervais writes: “I have some amazing news… We are about to start work on developing a Chinese ‘The Office’. How cool is that?”

Meanwhile, speculations keep running  as to who will replace Steve Carrell’s position in the U.S. version after he departs. The latest names that surface are Portia de Rossi, Jeffrey Tambor and Tony Hale. However, as writer/executive producer Pau l Lieberstein said earlier, Michael Scott’s replacement will not be a major issue in the new season.

As the star of “CSI: Crime Scene Investigation”, Laurence Fishburne is expected to attend the upcoming Primetime Emmy Awards. This particular appearance is put under the spotlight since it would be the first public outing by the actor since his daughter embarrassed him with her porn star career choice.

E! Online heard from a source that Laurence will either be presenting or simply coming as a guest at the ceremony held on Sunday, August 29. However, when asked about this, the actor’s representative said he “can’t confirm that he’ll be there”. A rep for the awards show also remained mum.

With the date approaching, Television Academy is yet to announce who will be the presenters at the ceremony. But there were rumors that Conan O’Brien had been approached to take the duty. It makes host Jimmy Fallon the only confirmed star so far.

The news share from DVDsetshop

Watch Neil Patrick Harris Emmys Performance

Yesterday the Prime Time Emmy Awards 2009 were broadcast on U.S. television. The show which saw many great actresses ans actors named for awards was broadcast on CBS television. During the Prime Time Emmy Awards opening, How I Met Your Mother star, Neil Patrick Harris did a little dance and song.

Watch Neil Patrick Harris Emmys Perfomance

This years Prime Time Emmy Awards mark its 61st anniversary since the show began back in 1948. It was hosted in Los Angeles, California at the NOKIA Theatre. It turned out to be a great event with some expected winners, as well as some very unexpected ones.

Surprisingly Neil Patrick Harris put on a little performance at the Prime Time Emmy Awards 09 opening. His performance consisted of him singing the song, “Put Down That Remote”. Neil Patrick Harris plays the role of a womaniser, Barney, on the popular comedy/drama series, How I Met Your Mother (Often abbreviated to HIMYM). He also plays himself in the 2 part film, Harold and Kumar where he is a rather sadistic actor who enjoys sleeping around with a lot of whores while steeling Harolds Car. Other actors in the film include Kal Penn who plays Kumar and John Cho.

The winners for the Prime Time Emmy Awards 2009 included: Mad Men for best drama, 30 Rock for best comedy, Bryan Cranston from Breaking Bad for best drama actor, Glenn Close from Damages for best drama actress, Michael Emerson from Lost for best supporting drama actor, Cherry Jones from 24 for best supporting drama actress, Alec Baldwin from 30 Rock for best comedy actor, Toni Collete from United States of Tara for best comedy actress, Jon Cryer from Two and a Half Men for best suppoerting comedy actor, Kristin Chenoweth from Pushing Daisies for best supporting comedy actress, The Amazing Race for best reality competition, Jeff Probst from survivor for best reality competition host.

Watch Neil Patrick Harris Emmys Performance

Scrubs is an American comedy-drama created in 2001 by Bill Lawrence and produced currently by ABC Studios. The show follows the lives of several employees of Sacred Heart, a teaching hospital. It features fast-paced dialogue, slapstick, and surreal vignettes presented mostly as the daydreams of the central character, Dr. John “J.D.” Dorian, played by Zach Braff.

Alongisde Braff, the first eight seasons of the show starred Sarah Chalke, Donald Faison, John C McGinley, Judy Reyes, Ken Jenkins and Neil Flynn. In the ninth season, only Faison and McGinley will appear as regular cast members, while the rest with the exception of Reyes, will make guest appearances. A complete script is written for each episode of Scrubs; however, actors are given opportunities to improvise their lines during the shooting process. The series has repeatedly featured guest appearances by film actors not generally seen on episodic television, such as Colin Farrell, Heather Graham, and Brendan Fraser.

Scrubs premiered on October 2, 2001 on NBC. During the seventh season, NBC announced that it would not renew the show. Shortly after the seventh season finale, ABC announced that it had bought the rights to the show and on January 6, 2009, the eighth season of Scrubs premiered on ABC. The eighth season finale aired on May 6, 2009. Scrubs has been renewed for a ninth season of 13 episodes, for which Zach Braff and Sarah Chalke have signed on for six. The ninth season, which will premiere December 1, 2009 on ABC, will feature several new cast members.

The show’s title is a play on surgical scrubs and a term for a low-ranking or insignificant person (at the beginning of the show, most of the main characters were medical interns, one of the lowest ranks in the medical hierarchy).

Narration

Scrubs focuses on the unique point of view of its main character and narrator, Dr. John Michael “J.D.” Dorian (Zach Braff). Most episodes feature multiple story lines thematically linked via voice-overs done by Braff. According to Lawrence, “What we decided was, rather than have it be a monotone narration, if it’s going to be Zach’s voice, we’re going to do everything through J.D.’s eyes. It opened up a visual medium that those of us as comedy writers were not used to.” In every episode J.D. has many comical daydreams as well as many “situation comedy” style lines, which are often a result of improvisation. At the end of most episodes, J.D. summarizes the story’s theme in a sequence of shots that show how it has affected each of the characters.

Almost every episode title begins with the first person singular possessive determiner, i.e. “My…”. Bill Lawrence says this is because each episode is Dr. John Dorian writing in his diary (said on the commentary on the first season episode “My Hero”). There are notable exceptions in the episodes entitled “His Story”, “His Story II”, “Her Story”, “Her Story II”, “His Story III”, “His Story IV”, “Their Story” and “Their Story II”. Apart from a brief period of narration from J.D. at the beginning and end, these episodes primarily contain internal narration from another character besides J.D. The transfer of the narration duties usually occurs at a moment of physical contact between two characters.

Cast and characters
The series features seven main cast members, with numerous characters recurring throughout the series.

* Zach Braff portrays John Michael “J.D.” Dorian, the show’s protagonist and narrator. J.D. is a young attending physician, who begins the series as a staff intern. His voice-over to the series comes from his internal thoughts and often features surreal fantasies.
* Sarah Chalke portrays Elliot Reid, another intern and later private practice physician. Her relationship with J.D. becomes romantic on several occasions throughout the series. Elliot is driven by a neurotic desire to prove her abilities to her family (in which all of the males are doctors), her peers, and herself.
* Donald Faison portrays Christopher Turk, J.D.’s best friend and a surgical attending physician. Turk and J.D. were roommates when they attended the College of William and Mary as well as in medical school, and the two have an extremely close relationship, which is best described in season 6 as “Guy Love”.
* Neil Flynn portrays the hospital’s custodian, known only as “Janitor”. An incident in the pilot episode establishes an adversarial relationship between him and J.D., which persists throughout the series. This tends to take the form of the Janitor pulling mean-spirited pranks on J.D., although he has shown, several times through out the series, that he has a good side. In the season eight finale, “‘the Janitor”‘ admits his name to J.D. as “Glenn Matthews”.
* Ken Jenkins portrays Bob Kelso, Sacred Heart’s Chief of Medicine. Kelso is cold, heartless and cruel, driven primarily by the hospital’s bottom line rather than the well-being of patients. However, it is occasionally suggested that he has a softer side, and that his cruelty is a means of coping with the years of hard decisions. He has been forced to make hard decisions from the beginning, stating that when he became Chief of Medicine, he thought he’d be “the man”. Instead he very quickly realized that the harsh decisions made him unpopular, but he had to continue his “evil” facade to keep the hospital running smoothly. He retired in Season 7, after which his relationship with staff at the hospital improves. Occasionally talks about how unproud he is of his homosexual son.
* John C. McGinley portrays Perry Cox, a senior attending physician at Sacred Heart and the hospital’s Residency Director before becoming the new Chief of Medicine in season eight. J.D. considers Cox his mentor despite the fact that Cox routinely criticizes and belittles him. Cox frequently suggests that this harsh treatment is intended as conditioning for the rigors of hospital life.
* Judy Reyes portrays Carla Espinosa, the hospital’s head nurse, who acts like a mother figure to interns, often hiding their mistakes from their attending doctor. During the course of the series Turk forms a relationship with Carla; they eventually start dating, get married, and start a family together.

Season synopses
The first season introduces J.D. and his best friend Turk in their first year out of medical school as interns at Sacred Heart Hospital. J.D. quickly meets: his reluctant mentor, Dr. Perry Cox; an attractive young woman (and fellow intern) named Elliot, on whom J.D. has a crush; the hospital’s janitor, who goes out of his way to make J.D.’s life miserable; the Chief of Medicine, Dr. Bob Kelso, who appears to be more concerned about the budget than the patients; and Carla Espinosa, the head nurse and Turk’s new girlfriend, who puts Turk through the trials and tribulations of being in a serious relationship. The characters face romances and relationship issues, family obligations, overwhelming paperwork, and a tremendous number of patients.

The second season focuses on J.D.’s second year practicing medicine at Sacred Heart, where he is now a resident. As the season develops, J.D.’s older brother Dan (Tom Cavanagh) comes to visit, money issues affect J.D., Elliot, and Turk, Turk proposes to Carla, and Elliot finds a new boyfriend, a nurse named Paul Flowers. (Rick Schroder) Dr. Cox resumes a sexual relationship with his ex-wife Jordan, with quite unexpected results.

In the third season it’s the third year for J.D., Elliot, and Turk at Sacred Heart and their second year as residents. As the season opens, Elliot decides to change her image, with some help from the Janitor. J.D.’s undeniable crush on Elliot emerges again, but J.D. instead begins a relationship with Jordan’s sister Danni (Tara Reid), who is also dealing with feelings for her ex. Turk and Carla are engaged and planning their wedding. Turk, along with the Todd and the other surgical residents, deal with the new attending surgeon, Dr. Grace Miller (Bellamy Young), who dislikes Turk and considers him sexist. Dr. Cox and Jordan are doing well with their relationship and their son Jack, although Dr. Cox develops a schoolboy crush on Dr. Miller. He also struggles with the death of his best friend. Elliot gets into a serious relationship with Sean Kelly (Scott Foley) and tries to work out their long distance relationship while he’s in New Zealand for 6 months. J.D. eventually convinces Elliot to break up with Sean to date him, only to realize that he doesn’t actually love her. Their relationship lasts three days. The season ends with Turk and Carla’s wedding, which Turk misses due to surgery and a church mix-up.

In season four, J.D. finishes his residency and becomes a full-blown colleague of Dr. Cox, although their dynamic does not change much. As the season opens, Turk arrives from his honeymoon with Carla but they soon have issues when Carla tries to change many things about her new husband. Their marriage and Turk’s friendship with J.D. are also endangered when J.D. and Carla share a drunken kiss. Dr. Cox and Jordan learn that their divorce was not final, but this seemingly good news causes friction. Elliot is still angry with J.D. for breaking her heart, and the situation becomes more uncomfortable still when she dates J.D.’s brother. J.D. has a new love interest of his own when a new and very attractive psychiatrist, Dr. Molly Clock (Heather Graham), arrives at Sacred Heart. Molly also serves as Elliot’s mentor during her time at the hospital.

Season five begins with J.D. living in a hotel . He has become an attending physician now on the same level as Dr. Cox. Elliot has taken a new fellowship in another hospital. Turk and Carla are trying to have a baby, despite Turk still having doubts. Finally, some new interns have arrived to Sacred Heart, chief among them being Keith Dudemeister (Travis Schuldt) who Elliot soon makes her new boyfriend, much to J.D.’s dissatisfaction.

The sixth season sees J.D. and the other characters mature to fill the different roles required of them. J.D. is cast in the role of expecting father since his girlfriend, Dr. Kim Briggs (Elizabeth Banks), is pregnant with his child. Turk and Carla become parents when Carla gives birth to their daughter, Isabella Turk. Elliot plans her wedding to Keith, although she and J.D. still harbor feelings for each other. Dr. Cox, as father of two children with Jordan, struggles to prevent his foul disposition from affecting his parenting.

In season seven, J.D. and Elliot struggle once again to deny their feelings for each other, despite Elliot soon to be marrying Keith and J.D. to have his first son with Kim, whilst the Janitor may have a new girlfriend, Bob Kelso’s job is also put on the line as he approaches the age of 65, J.D.’s brother Dan also returns to town.

The eighth season sees Dr. Kelso’s replacement, Dr. Taylor Maddox (Courteney Cox-Arquette), arrive; she quickly makes a lot of changes, affecting the way doctors treat patients. Elliot and J.D. finally discuss their true feelings for each other, and Janitor and Lady (Kit Pongetti) marry, while Dr. Cox is promoted to chief of medicine. J.D. prepares to leave Sacred Heart to move closer to his son, along with Elliot. Turk is also promoted to chief of surgery at Sacred Heart.

Coinciding with season eight, Scrubs: Interns was also launched, focusing around the eighth season’s medical interns, Sunny Day (Sonal Shah), Denise (Eliza Coupe), Katie (Betsy Beutler), and Howie (Todd Bosley). The interns learn from various characters of the show about life in the hospital.

The ninth season will take place an unknown length of time after season eight’s finale and will see Dr. Cox and Dr. Turk becoming medical school professors whose students occasionally rotate through Sacred Heart. Also, Elliot will end up being married to J.D. and will be pregnant during this season It is also known that Ted Buckland will leave the show during the season as actor Sam Lloyd has decided to move on. The ninth Season will start airing on December 1, 2009.

Production
The origin for the show is loosely based on Dr. Jonathan Doris’ experiences as a resident in internal medicine at Brown Medical School, which served as inspiration for college friend and show creator Bill Lawrence.

Scrubs is produced by ABC, through its production division, even though it was aired by rival broadcaster NBC. According to show runner Lawrence, the arrangement is unusual, at least for 2007: “The show is a dinosaur, on one network and completely owned by another” and, since it is now in syndication, making a “ton of money for Touchstone.” Both he and Braff confirmed ABC would have broadcast the seventh season had NBC refused to do so.

Since Scrubs is aired around the world in many different languages, instances of foreign languages on the show have to be changed for the international versions. Carla’s Spanish is changed to Italian in the Spanish language version of the show, and Elliot’s German is changed to Danish (or, in at least one fourth-season episode German with a Swiss accent) in the German version of the show.

The chest X-ray featured at the end of the title sequence was hung backwards for most of the first five seasons. Bill Lawrence has stated that having the X-ray backwards was intentional as it signified that the new interns were inexperienced. However during Zach Braff’s audio commentary on “My Last Chance”, he states that the error was actually unintentional. The error became somewhat infamous and was even parodied in “My Cabbage”.

An attempt was made to fix the error in the extended title sequence that was used at the beginning of season 2, but the extended sequence (including corrected X-ray) were soon scrapped at fan and network request. Finally, in “My Urologist”, Dr. Kim Briggs steps into the credits and switches the X-ray around, saying, “That’s backwards; it’s been bugging me for years”. At the beginning of season 8, when the series switched to ABC, the chest x-ray was once again backwards.
Main crew

The show’s creator, executive producer, and head writer is Bill Lawrence. He has written many episodes and has directed 17. He is also the show runner and does many uncredited re-writes for episodes. Neil Goldman and Garrett Donovan have produced and written a number of episodes together, starting as writers and co-producers on the show and working their way up to executive producers; they left the show after the eighth season.[13] Bill Callahan is an executive producer and writer who started on the show in season 4 as co-executive producer and has since written 8 episodes. Angela Nissel joined the crew in season 2 as a staff writer, and became supervising producer in 2007, she has written 10 episodes. In her second book, Bill Lawrence is quoted on the back cover and references to Scrubs are present throughout the final chapter. Mike Schwartz is co-executive producer, he started out as a story editor in 2006. He has written 13 episodes and also has a recurring role in the show as Lloyd the Delivery Guy. Michael Spiller has directed 17 episodes from 2002-09. The pilot episode of the show, “My First Day” was directed by Adam Bernstein, who has since directed 11 other episodes. Star of the show Zach Braff has directed 7 episodes of the show, including the landmark 100th episode “My Way Home”, which won a George Foster Peabody Award in April 2007. In 2009 Josh Bycel, a writer and supervising producer for the cartoon American Dad!, joined the crew as a new executive producer for the 9th season.
Medical advisors

Scrubs writers work with several medical advisors, including doctors Jonathan Doris, Jon Turk, and Dolly Klock. Their names serve as the basis for the names of characters John Dorian, Chris Turk and Molly Clock (played by Braff, Faison, and Heather Graham, respectively).In the season eight finale “My Finale”, the “real JD” Jonathan Doris made a cameo appearance as the doctor who said “adios” to JD.
Filming location
Main article: Sacred Heart Hospital

Scrubs is filmed on location at the North Hollywood Medical Center, a real decommissioned hospital located at 12629 Riverside Drive in the North Hollywood neighborhood of Los Angeles, California, however, the location of Sacred Heart Hospital within the fictional world of Scrubs is left ambiguous. Cast and crew on the show refer to the location as “San DiFrangeles”—a portmanteau of San Diego, San Francisco, and Los Angeles that is meant to encompass a large part of California. For the ninth season of Scrubs, the show will be filmed at Culver Studios.
Writers strike and network change

On November 5, 2007, the Writers Guild of America went on strike, which put the production of the show’s seventh season on hold. When the strike started, only eleven of Scrubs’ eighteen planned seventh season episodes had been completely written. Lawrence refused to cross any WGA picket lines to serve any of his duties for the show, so ABC Studios had non-WGA members finish episode twelve, which the studio had unsuccessfully pressured Lawrence to rewrite as a series finale prior to the strike.

During the strike, NBC announced that The Office and Scrubs would be replaced by Celebrity Apprentice. NBC later announced that they would leave Scrubs on hiatus for the time being and fill the 8-9 PM timeslot with various specials and repeats.

Episode 11, “My Princess”, was eventually filmed,[18] although Lawrence was absent. Filming of episode 11 was disrupted by picketers. It was believed that Lawrence had tipped the picketers off about the filming schedule, although these beliefs turned out to be false as Lawrence quickly drove to the set to “keep the peace.”[18] After the strike ended, Lawrence announced that the final episodes of Scrubs would be produced although, at the time, he was unsure where or how they would be distributed.[19]
Season eight on ABC

Amid strike-induced doubt involving the final episodes of Scrubs, on February 28, 2008, The Hollywood Reporter reported that ABC was in talks with corporate sibling ABC Studios with the aim of bringing Scrubs to ABC for an eighth season of 18 episodes,[20] despite both Lawrence’s and Braff’s protests that the seventh season would definitely be the last.[18] Just hours later Variety reported that NBC was lashing out and threatening legal action against ABC Studios. However, McGinley confirmed that he had been told to report back to work on March 24, 2008 to begin production for another season. On March 12, 2008, McGinley was also quoted as saying that the show’s long-rumored move from NBC to ABC was a done deal,and that Scrubs would air on ABC during the 2008-09 TV season as a midseason replacement.

On March 19, 2008, Michael Ausiello of TV Guide reported that although nothing was “official”, the Scrubs cast was to report back to work the following Wednesday for work on a season “unofficial” as yet. Zach Braff posted in his blog on MySpace, on April 28, 2008, that an eighth season consisting of 18 episodes was under production but that he could not say where it will be aired. He then stated, on May 7, 2008, that the May 8 episode would be the final NBC-aired episode of Scrubs, which was followed by a bulletin on his MySpace, on May 12, confirming that Scrubs’ eighth season will be moving to ABC.

On May 13, ABC announced that Scrubs would be a midseason replacement, airing Tuesday nights at 9PM EST. Steve McPherson, ABC’s President of Entertainment, also stated that additional seasons of Scrubs beyond the eighth could be produced if it performs well. In late November, ABC announced Scrubs would resume with back-to-back episodes on January 6, 2009 at 9PM EST.

Creator Bill Lawrence stated in a video interview that season 8 will be more like the first few seasons in tone, with more of a focus on more realistic and dramatic storylines and the introduction of new characters. Courteney Cox joined the cast as the new Chief of Medicine, Dr. Maddox, for a three-episode arc. The eighth season includes webisodes and is the first Scrubs season broadcast in high definition.

Sarah Chalke was hoping that J.D. and Elliot would end up back together, comparing them to Friends characters Ross and Rachel, which has been addressed a few times on the show. In the early episodes of the season they did rekindle their relationship, and have continued dating through the end of the season. Several actors who guest starred as patients at Sacred Heart during the course of Scrubs returned for the finale.
Cinematography

The show is shot with a single-camera setup instead of a multiple-camera setup more typical for situation comedies. Episode 4.17 “My Life in Four Cameras”, has a brief multi-camera style, since it includes J.D.’s fantasies of life being more like a traditional sitcom.

John Inwood, the cinematographer of the series, shoots with his own Aaton XTR prod Super16 film camera. Except for the finale of season 5, “My Transition”, which was broadcast in high definition,the first seven seasons of the show have been broadcast in standard definition with 4:3 frame aspect ratio.

After the show was moved from NBC to ABC, the broadcast format for new episodes changed to high definition. John Inwood believes that older episodes will be re-released in HD as well. He protected for 16:9 aspect ratio from the very beginning so episodes could be aired in HD format when the market evolved. In his opinion, footage from the Super16 camera was not only sufficient to air in HD format, it looked terrific.
Music

Music plays a large role in Scrubs. A wide variety of rock, pop, and indie artists are featured, and almost every episode ends with a musical montage summing up the themes and plot lines of the episode, and the music for these montages is often picked even before the episodes are completely written.

Members of the cast and crew are encouraged to contribute song suggestions, with many ideas coming from series creator Bill Lawrence, writer Neil Goldman, and actors Zach Braff (whose college friends Cary Brothers and Joshua Radin appear on the Scrubs soundtrack) and Christa Miller Lawrence (who selected Colin Hay and Tammany Hall NYC). According to Bill Lawrence, “Christa picks so much of the music for the show that a lot of the writers and actors don’t even go to me anymore when they have a song. They hand it to her.”

In addition to music being featured as a soundtrack to the show, the cast themselves also sing on a frequent basis, such as in the episode “My Best Friend’s Mistake” when the entire cast had the Erasure song “A Little Respect” stuck in their heads and would sing it repeatedly. Producers expanded Scrubs’ musical emphasis with a musical episode early in the sixth season, called “My Musical”. This episode aired on January 18, 2007.
Theme song

The theme song of the series, performed by Lazlo Bane, is titled “Superman”, and can be found on the album All the Time in the World, as well as on the first Scrubs soundtrack. Lawrence credits Braff for finding and suggesting “Superman” as the theme song. The lyrics “I’m no Superman” relate to the show’s theme of its characters’ fallibility.

The Scrubs main title is performed at a faster tempo than the original recording of the song. The original, slower recording was used briefly at the beginning of season 2, played during an extended version of the title sequence (that included Flynn and full cast credits), as well as the opening for “My Urologist”, and a special edit of the title sequence for resulting in roughly 1–2 seconds of music, followed by the line “I’m no Superman”, accompanied by a quick flash of credits. The original intro from season 1 was used through most of season 3 (except the few episodes with the very short intro) and then used for seasons four through eight.[citation needed]
[edit] Soundtracks
Main article: Scrubs (Soundtrack)

Three official soundtracks have been released. The first was released on CD on September 24, 2002, and a second an iTunes exclusive was released in mid-2006. An iMix on iTunes of the music used through the first five seasons has also been released.[citation needed]
[edit] Featured musical contributors

Colin Hay, the former frontman of Men at Work, has had music featured in at least seven episodes, and has appeared in the episode “My Overkill”, performing the song “Overkill” as a street musician, and in the episode “My Hard Labor” performing “Down Under”. Hay also sings “Where Everybody Knows Your Name”, the theme from Cheers, in the episode “My Life in Four Cameras” and the episode “My Philosophy” features Hay’s song “Waiting For My Real Life To Begin”, sung by several members of the cast.

The music of Joshua Radin, who is a friend of Scrubs star Zach Braff,[40] has appeared in at least six episodes to date.

Music by Keren DeBerg has featured in 15 episodes, and she appeared in “My Musical” as an extra in the song “All Right”.
The “Worthless Peons”
Main article: The Blanks

The Worthless Peons (also known as Ted’s Band, The Blanks, or in the non-canon “My Way Home” Director’s Cut as “Foghat”) are an a cappella group made up of hospital employees from different departments. They are a cover band, and often sing songs from a specific genre (for example, cartoon theme songs or commercial jingles). They have appeared in several episodes.http://www.buydvdhere.com/scrubs-seasons-18-dvd-boxset-p-2661.html.

The Worthless Peons are played by The Blanks, who are a real-life a cappella band made up of Sam Lloyd (who plays Ted), George Miserlis, Paul F. Perry, and Philip McNiven. The Blanks’ album, Riding the Wave, features guest appearances from Lawrence and members of the Scrubs cast. This band was put on the show when Sam Lloyd brought his friends/capella band to a rehearsal. Lloyd told Lawrence about his band, and Lawrence got the idea of putting them in the show.
The Worthless Peons also sing the theme song to the web series Scrubs: Interns, which features the new interns from season eight learning about the hospital in the same way that J.D. did in season one. Interns is aired on the ABC website.http://www.buydvdhere.com/scrubs-seasons-18-dvd-boxset-p-2661.html.

In its first three seasons, Scrubs received Emmy nominations for casting, editing, and writing of a comedy. Following Season 4, the show received additional nominations for Best Lead Actor in a Comedy Series (Braff), Best Editing for a Multi-camera series (although the series is predominantly shot single-camera, Episode 4.17 “My Life in Four Cameras”, has a brief multi-camera style), and casting. The show also won the 2002 and the 2008 Humanitas Prize in the 30-minute category.

Braff was nominated for the Golden Globe award for Best Actor in a Television Series, Comedy or Musical in 2005, 2006 and 2007, but lost to Jason Bateman for Arrested Development in 2005, to Steve Carell of The Office in 2006, and to Alec Baldwin of 30 Rock in 2007.

Scrubs won a George Foster Peabody Award for its 2006 season, specifically citing the Wizard of Oz homage in “My Way Home”.http://www.buydvdhere.com/scrubs-seasons-18-dvd-boxset-p-2661.html.

At the 59th Primetime Emmy Awards, which aired in September 2007, the episode “My Musical” was nominated for five awards in four categories: Outstanding Directing For A Comedy Series (Will Mackenzie), Outstanding Original Music And Lyrics (”Everything Comes Down to Poo” and “Guy Love”), Outstanding Music Direction (Jan Stevens), and Outstanding Sound Mixing For A Comedy Or Drama Series (half-hour) And Animation (Joe Foglia, Peter J. Nusbaum, and John W. Cook II). It went on to a joint win along with the Entourage episode “One Day in the Valley” in the latter of these categories.http://www.buydvdhere.com/scrubs-seasons-18-dvd-boxset-p-2661.html.